BAC K G R O U N D: To determine the effects of fenofibrate and rosiglitazonealone or in combination on insulin resistance (IR),glucose and lipid metabolisms in type 2 diabetic subjects.M ET H O D S: Forty type 2 diabetic patients were included in the study and divided randomly into four groups. Group 1 wasthe control group without medication, Group 2received fenofibrate 250 mg/daily, Group 3 fenofibrate250 mg/daily plus rosiglitazone 4 mg/daily, and G r o u p4 rosiglitazone 4 mg/daily.R E S U LTS: All patients completed the study. In Group 2 triglyceride (TG) levels declined by 27.25%, in Group 3 fasting blood glucose ( FBG) by 19.75%, postprandial glucose ( PPG) by 21.6%, TG by 38.96%, HOMA-IR by 56.73%, and in Group 4; FBG declined by 14.52%, PPG by21.6%, HOMA-IR by 25.1%. In intergroup comparisons,FBG levels declined more in Group 3 compared toGroups 1 and 2. Decrement in HOMA-IR was greater inGroup 4 compared to Group 1, and in Group 3compared to Groups 1 and 2. Triglyceride levels declinedmore in Groups 2 and 3 than in Groups 1 and 4. Therewas no significant difference between groups concerningother metabolic parameters and physical signs.CO N C L U S I O N S: PPAR α stimulation improved lipid metabolism, while PPAR γ improved glycemic parameters, as well as insulin resistance. We observed no synergistic effect in dualPPAR α/γ stimulation.