Alphaviruses are known to give rise to a spectrum of disease in humans, ranging from silent asymptomatic infections to undifferentiated febrile illness to devastating encephalitis. Alphaviruses have been associated primarily with fever and polyarthritis. Chikungunya and other mosquito-borne alpha-viruses have been described as causing a similar, dengue-like illness. C h i k u n g u n y a (CHIKV) is a mosquito-borne viral illness that is endemic in rural areas of Africa and Asia. Chikungunya means “that which bends up” in the reference to the crippling manifestations of the disease. It is suggested that there remains much unknown and unreported information regarding the disease course and pathophysiology of mosquito- borne alpha-viral arthropathic diseases such as CHIKV, Mayaro, O’Nyong, Ross River, Sindbis, and Barmah Forest Fever. CHIKV and other alphaviruses infections are somewhat prevalent in certain foreign countries but are relatively indistinct to Turkish practitioners. CHIKV has to be gain an extremely importance with its epidemics and similar clinic course when the world-wide global pandemic risk of H5N1 avian influenza infection is discussed intensively, today.